You’d be surprised how much you can learn about a country through what they eat. Food is steeped in culture, tradition, and history.
I would like to say that I am not an expert on the cuisines I am covering. I am just someone with a love for food and an eagerness to always keep learning. My research will be gained from the internet (not always the most reliable source). If you have any corrections/more information for me, I’d love to know!

Bengali Cuisine
Due to the fact that Bangladesh was once part of India, I’ll admit that before I began my search into the cuisine, I assumed it would pretty much be the same as Indian food. Being from the UK where we have been obsessed with Indian cuisine since our embarrassing colonial reign, I felt that I was already quite well versed. Although there are many similarities, there are also some differences. The first thing I’ll note, is that I was shocked to see how orientated the cuisine is around seafood and meat, with vegetarian dishes only seeming to appear as sides. You can read more about why this is in the History section, if you’re interested, or just skip to the food! As you can see above, the country is covered in thick rivers, so I guess a seafood heavy cuisine is only natural! I also noticed that the cuisine was very sugar heavy with most dishes I found recipes for adding a considerable amount of sugar. It’s also worth mentioning that Bangladesh is the 4th largest producer of rice in the world, and rice is eaten with most meals.
A Little Bit of History
Bengal was once a region of British India. When British rule ended it was split into West Bengal, an Indian province with a majority Hindu population and East Bengal, a province belonging to Pakistan with a majority Muslim population. East Bengal later became their own country of Bangladesh (after the Liberation War in 1971). This explains a primary difference in cuisine between these two regions, as many Hindus do not eat meat, whereas eating meat is a big part of Muslim culture.
Although 98% of Bangladesh’s population are Bengali, they are the 8th most populated country in the world and have some notable influence from other countries in the food they eat. Mostly, Chinese immigrates, as well as Nepali and Tibetan, that both have Chinese influences in their own cuisines as well.
Most Common Bengali Dishes
Fish & Rice

When you google ‘Bangladesh’s national dish’ you’ll be told Ilish Macher Paturi by a website called Taste Atlas. Bangladesh does not actually have an official national dish, however there is a popular saying within the country: “Fish & Rice is what makes a Bengali”. From what I could find, most Bengalis were happy to take on any fish and rice dish as a true representation of their cuisine, although summarising a whole nations food through one dish is pretty much impossible if you ask me. The Ilish (Tenualosa) fish is one of the most common to the region. This can be covered in spices and mustard oil before being wrapped in a banana leaf to be steamed, or it can be marinated in chilli and turmeric and then deep fried. It’s then served dry or in a sauce.
Biryani

Biryani originated in Persia (Iran) and was brought to India and Pakistan through Persian travellers, who had a big influence on the cuisine. It is now one of the most common dishes eaten in Bangladeshi cafes, eateries and by far the most popular street food in the country. It is also commonly served at parties and weddings. To get a real idea of the effort and process that goes into making a Bangladesh Biriyani I recommend this recipe by Bong Eats.
Dal

Just like the Dal you know and love from India, the Bengali version isn’t much different, apart from it’s a little thinner, more like a lentil soup. I thought this one was worth mentioning for the sheer amount that it is eaten in the country. With most families having it as a side on the table daily. It is extremely cheap to cook, making it a staple in poorer households, while still being equally loved by richer families for its ease and comfort to enjoy.
Haleem

Haleem seems to be all about the balance of heavy, hearty food, with fresh zesty flavours. It consists of barley, lentils, minced or shredded mutton/lamb, and spices, all slow cooked throughout the day. It is then served with lots of fresh ingredients on top such as coriander, lemon, ginger, and chillies. With Arabic origins, the high protein, high carb nature of the dish makes it extremely popular for breaking fasts during Ramadan.
Dhokar

This is one of the few vegetarian dishes aside from dal that I found when researching Bengali food. Dhokar is lentil based, but not as you know it. The lentils are soaked and ground into a paste that’s then dried and moulded into diamond shapes and fried. They can then be eaten as is, or most commonly, added to a curry called dalna, spiced with tomato, ginger and cumin. They are most often served as a side dish but can occasionally be the star of the show.
Bhorta

Bhorta meaning mashed, is a blanket term for what can be a wide range of different dishes. Most commonly Bhorta is made from potato or aubergine, however it can be used to describe any mashed vegetable dish with no rules on the spice combination, or extra ingredients added (most commonly fish). This dish can be eaten on its own, with rice, as a starter before a meal or even as a side dish. You’ll find some variant of it on every restaurant/café menu in Bangladesh.
Paratha

Paratha is a very popular flatbread in Bangladesh, made by folding an oil laminated dough in a certain way to produce flaky layers. You will find it in other countries such as India, however in Bangladesh it is a staple of breakfast. Although it is also served in the afternoons and evenings, breakfast is its most established place! Often being served with honey and sugar, eggs and fried veg, or even a lamb shank curry that happens to be a very popular breakfast dish amongst locals.
Rasmalai

For a country that is extremely proud of its desserts, with many sweet shops selling Bengali delicacies situated throughout every city, I had to talk about at least one! I chose Rasmalai because it intrigued me the most. It’s made from sugar, and curdled milk, quite like a sweetened paneer. The clotted cream dumplings are then served in milk that’s flavoured with cardamon, nuts and saffron.
What I Made
Dhokar Dalna
Recipe: https://www.bongeats.com/recipe/dhokar-dalna
Difficulty Level: 4/5
Thoughts: This was unlike anything I’ve ever cooked before. I was very grateful to Bong Eats not only for the comprehensive recipe but the video to accompany it! The soaking, blending, drying and frying of the Dhokar was a lot of fun, because it was all new and exciting, and when I first tried one of the fried cakes that was flavoured with sugar, coconut, peanuts and cumin, I was very impressed. Sweet, crispy and delicious. This process along with the dalna took me half the day. This is not a quick recipe.

The dalna uses mustard oil, an ingredient I’ve not used before and fun fact, one that is illegal for consumption in the UK. Don’t worry I didn’t have to venture into the dark web to obtain some. Shops get around the legalities by pretending the oil is for cosmetic uses only. Due to this and the fact I wasn’t sure if I’d even like it, I used half the amount the recipe suggested, and I’m glad I did. It’s a very distinct taste and I think any more would have been a little overpowering to my unaccustomed taste buds.
Overall, I loved the flavour of the dalna, it was perfectly balanced with cinnamon, cloves, cumin, ginger, chillies and a whole load of sugar. I’ll put my hand up and admit that I messed it up a little right at the end. It was super liquid-y, so I naturally overcompensated by reducing it down way too far. As soon as the Dhokar are added they absorb all that liquid straight up! It had a lot of desiccated coconut, which at first, I didn’t enjoy the texture of, but the end result was decent. The super sweet, coconut and warm spiced curry paired with the pungent mustard oil and tomato was so different to anything I’m used to, tasting it for the first time was my idea of an adventure.

Bengali Fried Rice
Recipe: https://www.bongeats.com/recipe/bengali-vegetable-fried-rice
Difficulty Level: 1.5/5
Thoughts: After my research it was obvious that I couldn’t make Bengali food without a side of rice. This simple but flavourful fried rice dish is most typically served with fish (of course), but I can see it working well with anything. The cinnamon, garam masala and sugar continue the theme of a mix of sweet and savoury in every dish. It’s definitely the sweetest fried nice I’ve had, but somehow managed to taste healthy and light with the crunchy fresh veg.

Paratha
Recipe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TIaXP9JVpK8&ab_channel=OoniPizzaOvens
Difficulty Level: 4/5
Thoughts: I know, I know, paratha is mostly eaten for breakfast in Bangladesh. But honestly, I just love this stuff and really wanted to have a go at making it. Although I used this YouTube recipe for the dough, I pan fried it in lots of butter, rather than in a pizza oven like this idiot. The dough itself was great. I was honestly so impressed with what I managed to make. I took a while getting the folding technique completely down, so some were much better than others. But the good ones were really good, they had the flaky layers that you’d expect from a paratha and were spot on to the frozen packet ones we have in our freezer at all times (although my ones were a lot more time consuming to make), still definitely one to whip out to impress at a dinner party!

I’ve loved learning about and trying some of the food of Bangladesh! With such a populous country, it was difficult to sum up the cuisine in just a few dishes and words. But I hope I gave you a good idea of how diverse the cuisine is, and a better idea of the country’s food, rather than what you might have eaten at an Indian/Bangladeshi curry house here in the UK. Most of all I hope I have encouraged you to cook something new!
































